Common painkillers linked to hearing loss: What you need to know

Millions of people rely on over-the-counter pain relievers like ibuprofen, aspirin and acetaminophen (paracetamol) for everyday aches and pains. But emerging research suggests that prolonged use of these medications may come with an unexpected risk: Hearing loss and tinnitus.

Pharmacists and medical researchers warn that frequent, long-term use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and acetaminophen could significantly increase the likelihood of developing hearing problems – a concern that grows with prolonged exposure. Studies tracking tens of thousands of men and women over decades have found consistent links between regular painkiller use and elevated hearing risks, raising questions about the safety of these widely accessible drugs.

Multiple large-scale studies have documented the connection between painkillers and hearing loss. A 22-year study of 55,850 American women found that those who used NSAIDs (other than aspirin) at least twice weekly for more than six years had a 10 percent higher risk of hearing loss compared to occasional users. Similarly, women who took acetaminophen for extended periods faced a nine percent increased risk.

Men appear to be even more vulnerable. Research tracking 26,917 men aged 40 to 74 revealed that frequent NSAID use raised hearing loss risk by 21 percent, while acetaminophen increased it by 22 percent. Alarmingly, men under 50 experienced the most severe effects – a 99 percent higher risk with acetaminophen use.

Dr. Leyla Hannbeck, CEO of the Independent Pharmacies Association, cautions that while these medications are generally safe when used as directed, prolonged or high-dose consumption can heighten risks.

“There are many medicines that cause side effects that affect the hearing and balance, but in most cases, this depends on the dose and length of use,” she told the Daily Mail.

From relief to harm: The silent side effect of painkillers

Beyond hearing loss, painkillers may also contribute to tinnitus – a persistent ringing or buzzing in the ears affecting millions. A 2022 study found that daily acetaminophen use was linked to an 18 percent higher risk of tinnitus, while NSAIDs increased the likelihood by 17 percent. Even moderate aspirin doses (around 100mg daily) raised the risk by 16 percent.

Researchers speculate that these drugs may reduce blood flow to the cochlea, the delicate inner ear structure responsible for hearing. This restricted circulation could damage auditory cells over time, leading to irreversible hearing impairment.

Painkillers aren’t the only culprits. Hannbeck notes that aminoglycoside antibiotics, such as gentamicin – often used intravenously for severe infections – can cause rapid and permanent hearing loss, particularly in patients with certain genetic predispositions. Studies suggest that over 50 percent of patients receiving multiple rounds of these antibiotics experience hearing damage.

While these findings are concerning, experts emphasize that not everyone will experience these side effects. The key takeaway? Moderation and awareness.

The convenience of over-the-counter pain relievers masks a potential downside: hearing damage. While occasional use is generally safe, frequent and prolonged consumption could silently erode auditory health. As research continues to uncover these risks, consumers are urged to weigh the benefits against potential harms – and consult healthcare providers before making long-term medication decisions.

yogaesoteric
October 7, 2025